Wood finishing techniques pdf file

Opaque stains in contrasting colors thoroughly hide the grain and natural tones of cedar but retain the wood s surface texture. Irish, author of the great book of celtic patterns. All wood finishes can be classified ad as one of two distinctly different types based on how they dry or evaporative finishes such as lacquer. One of the easiest and cheapest ways to give your apartment or home a renewed look is with finishing. Sanding can be a tedious process, but it is vital to the overall quality of the woodworking project. Wood finishes paint, varnish, and stain, for example. More specifically, finishing means applying one of many kinds of protective coating, usually clear, generically called finish. This section gives you the foundation of techniques and information. For the amateur woodworker or someone wanting to do basic finishing, flexners book wood finishing 101 would be ideal. Apply the primer using a synthetic bristle brush in overlapping rows from one end of the surface to the other. Wood finishing demonstration project final report minnesota. Within your my account, a section labeled my classes will appear, including a link to watch the video of your class. That was my initiation into the world of finishing.

Several sheets of both medium grade 100 to 120 grit and fine grade 160 to 220 grit sandpaper. This booklet will take you through the wood finishing process including preparation, staining and topcoating, as well as maintenance of your wood pieces. Dec 18, 2015 liberon starwood finish supplycatalog pdf to download, view, or print. The most important ingredient in a beautiful finish is a good start. Finishing wood refers to the final step in any woodworking project. In this forum you can discuss different techniques and products for finishing your furniture projects.

Wood selection there are a couple of considerations when you choose wood for a 3d carving. Preparing for finishing woods and why we finish them preparing new wood for finishing preparing a finished surface for refinishing ii. Join us as we delve into the challenging, and often misunderstood, world of wood finishing. In the following articles, learn how to sand wood through a variety of methods, from hand sanding to using specific types of power sanders. Bed of staples takes the torture out of finishing whether you spray or use a brush, finishing the bottom of a bowl, vase, or other small project always proves difficult. If you finish wood, youll want to own the updated and completely revised version of the highly acclaimed the woodfinishing book. Swirl marks tell you that you havent done enough sanding to eliminate scratches. Varnish is the most versatile and durable finish that you can apply without a lot of fuss. Prior to use, make sure you are in a project space that allows application of such materials.

Timeliness of painting or finishing wood surfaces is very important. The primary function of any wood finish paint, varnish, and stain, for example is to protect the wood surface, help maintain a certain appearance, and provide a cleanable surface. These wood finishing tips and techniques will help you achieve the desired color, sheen, depth, and texture for your next woodworking project. With video downloads, you have access to great woodworking tips forever. Using a steel putty knife to scrape off strippersoftened paint or other finishes can scar the furniture youre trying to refinish. When cutting, do not feed wood into the saw blade faster than it will cut freely and cleanly. A finish makes the wood, or the object made of wood, last longer figure. The process is one of applying transparent pigmented liquid over or between coats of finish.

Helpful advice for easy maintenance and repair of all your wood surfaces. Wood should be marked for cutting using pencil rather than ink. Cut the tool to shape with your scrollsaw or bandsaw, then taper it to an edge by sanding. The surface finish is somewhat rough and imprecise and often needs additional sanding or polishing for good results. Sandblasting, or blasting with a combination of air and water, can cover a large surface area quickly. Sam williams chapter 15 contents factors affecting finish performance 151 wood properties 151 wood extractives 152 wood product characteristics 154 weathering 156 control of water or moisture in wood 159 moisture content 159 water repellents 1510 finish moistureexcluding effectiveness 1510. Finishing of wood woodworking information at woodweb. The two common methods of applying wood finishes are the hand rubbed application and brushed application. Tung oil apply five to six coats, most durable oil finish. Now you can see the rich color of your stained wood.

Even if you apply nothing more than a simple oil or wax finish, you are making a decorative choice. Wood finishing refers to the process of refining or protecting a wooden surface, especially in the production of furniture where typically it represents between 5 and 30% of manufacturing costs. But files are still versatile, easy to use and can produce fine results in skilled hands. You might also watch a fulllength video i made on finishing. Basic techniques for pyrography and wood burning by l s. Files are typically used by hand and, depending on how coarse the teeth are, can aggressively remove material and shape metal quickly. Color theory color theory intensive all about techniques in. To access the pdf files, just click on the images below. We use understanding wood finishing as the textbook for our students training to go into the furniture industry, says david miles, wood technology professor at pittsburg state university.

Keep the videos on any device, for easy access no matter where you are at home, in a shop, or even on the road. Osborn 75116sp steel file card, 334 brush area length. You can use it full strength or dilute it up to 70% water to get the look you want. Voc and waterborne wood finishes is included in appendix d. To do the job right, there are some things youll want to do before you start. Once youve paid, you can accessview your class by going to the my account section of woodworkers guild of america. Find free wood finishing advice in the numerous articles and wood finishing tips we have on our site. Well guide you to the right finish for your projectpolyurethane, lacquer, shellac, and moreand show you how to get pictureperfect, repeatable results.

The my account link is in the upper righthand area of the website. The results of research on the degradation mechanisms in finishes, wood, and wood based materials are described. Wood finishing techniques woodworkers guild of america. The certificate in industrial wood finishing is delivered in two distinct phases. It is easy to consider polymers as having just a polished finish, or even a textured finish, but there are many more finishes, that can be applied to a vast range of polymers. The process involves charring the wood, cooling it, cleaning it, and finishing it with a natural oil, says the website. So, youve finished building a woodworking project, but is it really finished. Advanced table saw techniques woodworkers guild of america. Recently, i had a project that involved making repetitive precise cuts at identical angles and. Close cans of finishing materials and thinners immediately after use. After a unit is installed and has been exposed to weather andor interior humidity, it can be difficult to dry the wood surface for good surface finish adhesion. By elevating the project on this grid of staples as shown right, you can rotate it easily and apply the finish to the bottom edge without the project sticking to the surface it.

During this time, learners study parttime using the interactive course website. Our experience with different types of wood finish runs deep. Treat all areas equally, using the same progression of sandpaper grits for both hand and power sanding. Our new informative column, finishing touch, will help take the mystery out of finishing and allow you to choose and apply the right finish, no matter what type of project youre working on.

Start with 80grit to sand away blemishes, then use 120grit and finally 180grit. In the complete guide to wood finishing you will learn how to get beautiful, professional results no matter what your project is, even if you have never tried your hand at wood finishing before. Jun, 2016 this is the process of treating the surface of a part by blasting it with an abrasive media under high pressure. Since then ive studied a lot of books, learned from other finishers, and experimented and tested products and techniques relentlessly to master many wood finishing techniques. A finish slows moisture exchange no matter what temperature or humidity conditions surround the wood. Wood finishing, with special wood finishing products, involves the application of a protective layer to otherwise bare wood, but before a protective coating can be applied, the woods surface must be prepared. Careful handling of the wood is needed to avoid dents, scratches and soiling with dirt. The medium grade will help remove rougher areas and old stain. Over the years, we have had the pleasure of hosting wood finishing expert bob flexner in. The stick fast system contains thin ca finish, medium ca finish, aerosol ca activator, 400grit sanding mesh, satin polish and gloss polish. Wood finishing done right so your projects are easy on the eyes and fingers. Woods and metals have a range of finishes, to suit a variety of uses.

Differences in grain and color variations are indicative of natural wood. Decoration in addition to stabilizing wood and protecting it from dirt and grime, finishing wood is decorative. Unfinished wood surfaces will discolor, deteriorate, swell, and may bow or split. Factors affecting finish performance satisfactory performance of wood finishes is achieved when the many factors that affect these finishes are given full consideration. Once you master these wood sanding techniques, youll be able to prep your projects for a great finish. The first edition of understanding wood finishing has sold hundreds of thousands of copies and is widely regarded as the bible of wood finishing.

Apply a tinted latex primer to the surface, and let it dry. You can choose whichever look you prefer for your project. Finishing is the final step of the manufacturing process that gives wood surfaces desirable characteristics, including enhanced appearance and increased resistance to moisture and other environmental agents. As a softwood, pine does not absorb wood stain evenly. Sanding, planing, and scraping can help eliminate surface imperfections by softening and smoothing the wood. Some variations in stain penetration may occur between materials from which the door is constructed i. Because of this, it is important that these materials be used only in approved areas. Wood finishes can be intimidating and daunting, but they dont have to be. Chronicle of 65 years of wood finishing research at the. Although at least 10 varieties and more than a dozen brands of finish are available, all can be divided into two categories. Penetrating oil applied to give protection and adds beauty that penetrates the wood surface.

Although wood can be used both outdoors and indoors without finishing, unfinished wood surfaces exposed to the weather change color, are roughened by photodegradation and surface. Use the fluid nozzle, air nozzle, and needlevalve stem sizes recommended by the manufacturer for the type of finish youre applying. Finishing can give your wood an even richer look, intensifying the color and protecting the wood. Band saw although the band saw figure 33 is designed primarily for making curved cuts, it can also be used for straight cutting. Selecting the appropriate finish bleached and pickled finishes traditional. However, if your project is a light colorwhether stained or unfinished wood it is best to protect it with a finish that remains crystal clear. How to finish seal fine wood art tutorial wood burning. From specific grits to understanding the differences in formulations designed for hand sanding or highspeed abrasives, having the proper sanding tool is vital to the success of the project. Unlike the circular saw, the band saw is frequently used for freehand. We then follow the evaluation of wood finishing research at the fpl up to the present. Selecting the finishing materials wood stains wood fillers shellac varnishes lacquers rubbing and rubbing materials iii. Free woodworking downloads from lee valley popular.

These downloads are brought to you by the editors of popular woodworking in collaboration with lee valley tools. Types of finishes surface finish varnish slow drying and not very good at color retention. This water based, nontoxic, pleasant smelling unicorn spit is a great way to add a splash of color to your projects whether it be wood, metal, glass, fabric, ceramic, or something else. Every piece of furniture, whether new or antique, needs a finish, but no single finish is right for all situations. The first phase lasts approximately three months and is delivered via the internet.

From shop projects to joinery techniques, these handy downloads can provide you with a great idea for your next project or simply a quick reference guide. Preparation tips inspect your project start your wood finishing project by making a thorough inspection of the wood. Michael dresdner, a nationally known finishing expert with over 20 years. Burning lumber as a finishing technique woodworking network. Wood finishing can be tricky and after spending hours on building your project you want to be sure that you get the best outcome possible. Surface preparation is the key to a fine finish, and sanding is the key to surface preparation. You need to consider what finishing facilities and equipment are available. Wood finishing tips to help you with surface preparation, coloring, staining, finish coat application, final surfacing and how to choose materials. It shows you the techniques described above and more. For machining quality, my favorite woods are walnut, cherry, and hard or soft maple.

Many clear finishes add a rich, warm, amber tone to the wood. Thats why you need to download this free guide to finishing wood. Guide to finishing western red cedar bear creek lumber. Here are the basic wood finishing steps and the equipment youll need. This information has been useful in improving paint and finish systems for better performance and reduced maintenance costs. Best finishing techniques from the editors of fine woodworking, is a valuable resource filled with tips and tricks for creating the best finishes possible.

Eric gorges visits kansas city woodcraft to learn about finishing techniques. This list may not reflect recent changes learn more. Obviously, this article only skims the surface of all there is to know about wood finishing. Sand curved surfacesand other areas an electric sander cant reachby hand. For anyone wanting a more indepth coverage of finishing, read flexners book understanding wood finishing.

Start with the basics by learning the types of finish and work your way up to french polishing. With the lathe at 300 to 1,000 rpm, apply a few drops of thin ca to your project with a paper towel photo a. General finishes gel stains open up a world of easytoattain possibilities for revitalizing wood furniture, redecorating your home by changing the color of wood cabinets, furniture and floors. The main article for this category is wood finishing. The highlighting is achieved by using two contrasting colors. There are three tricks for using a spray gun successfully. Applying the wood conditioner equalizes the absorbency of the pine so that a more even finish is obtained. Some of them are very strong smelling and the fumes can be irritating on the lungs. Introduction to joinery squaring wood metal fasteners. The first thing one needs to know when preparing to sand a project is choosing the correct sandpaper or sanding disks required to do the job. Pickling and liming are traditional finishing processes used to accentuate the wood grain.

Free wood carving, pyrography, and craft step by step projects and line art patterns by lora s. Do it wrong, and youll never want to finish wood again. Surface preparation friends and foes wood staining. Warm up your can of finish first and warm up your wood too. Processes to alter the wood s color and aesthetic are often applied.

We also have several great books by bob in our online store including wood finishing 101 and flexner on finishing. Simply applying a stain with no preparation may result in a blotchy appearance with contrasting dark and light areas. He has been a construction professional since 1987. The methods used to test the alternatives were designed to simulate the. Do it right, and it will be just as fun and rewarding as the first steps. Stain applied to bare wood amplifies the figure and grain of the wood.

These 10 common wood finishing problems can happen to any woodworker who doesnt follow proper wood finishing techniques. There is much more than learning how to stain wood. These two techniques can also be used to give age to the finish. These wood finishing techniques can solve any mistakes and still achieve the best looking end product. Upon the first touch of a rag or brush, furniture comes alive and the true character of any wood grain is emphasized.

Guide to finishing western red cedar among all the softwood species, western red cedar is considered to have the very best. Similar to other cas by satellite and titebond, the finishing is simple. Use proper techniques for applying the finish to the wood. The website is an unrivalled electronic resource for the course. Check out the top 10 wood finishing techniques and learn how to fix the most common finishing mistakes.

Readers will learn how to use and clean a fine finishing brush, when to brush and when to. Minwax polyshades is an easy way to change the color of your currently stained or polyurethanefinished wood. Viewing 10 topics 1 through 10 of 16 total 1 2 next topic voices replies last post non voc options. With new, fullcolor photos and design, expanded information, and updates on technological advances in finishing, the new wood finishing book is a musthave reference. Wood finishing, with special wood finishing products, involves the application of a protective layer to otherwise bare wood, but before a protective coating can be applied, the wood s surface must be prepared. The type of media used again will determine the quality of the resulting finish. Planning for wood finishing also involves being aware of how the finishing process influences the end result. Five furniture finishing tips popular woodworking magazine. Books and seminars will help speed the learning curve too. Allow the stain to dry for at least 4 hours, more if it is cool or humid, before applying finish. Introduction to work ethic work ethic standards imanagement. Aug 17, 2012 many are written by noted finishing expert bob flexner. These factors include the effect of the wood substrate, properties of the finishing material, details of.